Principle and structure of electronic gyroscope

time：2024-12-17 09:02:44 Smart Hardware

Electronic gyroscope sensor principle

The principle of electronic gyroscope sensors is based on the gyroscopic effect, also known as circular motion mechanics. The gyro effect is when a gyroscope rotates at a high speed, it will tend to maintain its own axis of equilibrium, due to the angular momentum generated by the rotation which is essential to keep the gyroscope balanced.

An electronic gyroscope sensor usually consists of a rotating rotor and a fixed structure. The rotor usually consists of a rotating shaft and a gyroscope element mounted on the shaft. When the angular velocity of an object changes, the rotor also rotates, and the gyroscope element is acted upon by the angular velocity, resulting in a moment.

To measure this moment, gyroscope sensors typically use principles such as capacitance, inductance, or photoelectric effects, most commonly the capacitive effect. Specifically, a gyroscope sensor has a set of electrodes on its fixed structure, and the gyroscope elements are usually located in the spaces between the electrodes. When the gyroscope element rotates, it changes the capacitance between the two electrodes. By measuring the change in capacitance, the system can determine the angular velocity of an object.

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